Articles

Beck, E. M. (2015). Judge Lynch Denied. Southern Cultures, 21(2), 117–139. https://doi-org.databases.pennhighlands.edu/10.1353/scu.2015.0018

Davis, P. C., Francois, A., & Starger, C. (2017). The Persistence of the Confederate Narrative. Tennessee Law Review, 84(2), 301–365. https://databases.pennhighlands.edu/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ofs&AN=127415121&site=ehost-live&scope=site

Giesberg, J. (2021). “A Muster-Roll of the American People”: The 1870 Census, Voting Rights, and the Postwar South. Journal of Southern History, 87(1), 35–66. https://doi-org.databases.pennhighlands.edu/10.1353/soh.2021.0001

Glymph, T. (2016). “Invisible Disabilities”: Black Women in War and in Freedom. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 160(3), 237–246. https://databases.pennhighlands.edu/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ofs&AN=119398927&site=ehost-live&scope=site

Montgomery, D. (1984). Immigrants, Industrial Unions, and Social Reconstruction in the United States, 1916-1923. Labour / Le Travail, 13, 101–114. https://doi-org.databases.pennhighlands.edu/10.2307/25140402

Perrone, G. (2019). What, to the law, is the former slave? Slavery & Abolition, 40(2), 256–270. https://doi-org.databases.pennhighlands.edu/10.1080/0144039X.2019.1606527

Pope, J. G. (2016). Why is There No Socialism in the United States? Law and the Racial Divide in the American Working Class, 1676-1964. Texas Law Review, 94(7), 1555–1590. https://databases.pennhighlands.edu/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ofs&AN=116888806&site=ehost-live&scope=site

Ross, M. A. (2016). The Supreme Court, Reconstruction, and the Meaning of the Civil War. Journal of Supreme Court History, 41(3), 275–294. https://doi-org.databases.pennhighlands.edu/10.1111/jsch.12119

Ruef, M., & Patterson, K. (2009). Organizations and Local Development: Economic and Demographic Growth among Southern Counties during Reconstruction. Social Forces, 87(4), 1743–1776. https://doi-org.databases.pennhighlands.edu/10.1353/sof.0.0190

Stoner, J. R. (2019). (Why) Did Reconstruction Fail? Legislating and Constitutionalizing Civil Rights. Perspectives on Political Science, 48(4), 224–233. https://doi-org.databases.pennhighlands.edu/10.1080/10457097.2019.1630206

Great Migration

Alexander, J., Leibbrand, C., Massey, C., Tolnay, S., & Alexander, J. T. (2017). Second-Generation Outcomes of the Great Migration. Demography (Springer Nature), 54(6), 2249–2271. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13524-017-0625-8

Baharian, S., Barakatt, M., Gignoux, C. R., Shringarpure, S., Errington, J., Blot, W. J., Bustamante, C. D., Kenny, E. E., Williams, S. M., Aldrich, M. C., & Gravel, S. (2016). The Great Migration and African-American Genomic Diversity. PLoS Genetics, 12(5), 1–27. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1006059

Black, D. A., Sanders, S. G., Taylor, E. J., & Taylor, L. J. (2015). The Impact of the Great Migration on Mortality of African Americans: Evidence from the Deep South. American Economic Review, 105(2), 477–503. https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.20120642

Perrone, G. (2019). What, to the law, is the former slave? Slavery & Abolition, 40(2), 256–270. https://doi.org/10.1080/0144039X.2019.1606527

Tolnay, S. E. (2003). The African American “Great Migration” and beyond. Annual Review of Sociology, 29(1), 209–232. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.soc.29.010202.100009

Vincent, C. (1983). American Historical Review, 88(4), 1071–1073. https://doi.org/10.2307/1874173

Books

Barnes, H. (2008). Never been a time: The 1917 race riot that sparked the civil rights movement. New York: Walker &: Distributed to the trade by Macmillan.

Butchart, R. E. (2010). Schooling the freed people: Teaching, learning, and the struggle for black freedom, 1861-1876. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina.

Cimbala, P. A., & Miller, R. M. (1999). The Freedmen’s Bureau and Reconstruction. New York: Fordham University Press.

Dudden, F. E. (2011). Fighting chance: The struggle over woman suffrage and Black suffrage in Reconstruction America. New York: Oxford University Press.

Gao, C. (2000). African Americans in the Reconstruction era. New York: Garland Pub.

Goldstone, L. (2011). Inherently unequal : The betrayal of equal rights by the Supreme Court, 1865-1903. New York: Walker & Company.

McDevitt, C (2020) Banished from Johnstown: Racist backlash in Pennsylvania. Charleston, SC: History Press

Slap, A. L. (2010). Reconstructing Appalachia: The Civil War’s aftermath. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky.

White, R. (2017). The republic for which it stands: The United States during Reconstruction and the Gilded Age, 1865-1896. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.

Wilkerson, I. (2011). The warmth of other suns : The epic story of America’s great migration. New York: Vintage Books.

Local Focus

Read more about Johnstown’s Black Community in the excerpt, “Leaks in the Roof of Paradise” this is an excerpt from the book, “Johnstown, Pennsylvania: A history, part 1, 1895-1936” by Randy Whittle. A copy of the book is available in the College Library.

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